Voodoo Neuronics

Jan 17, 2021Philosophy/Ethics, Tech0 comments

NEURAL NETS MAKE CHICAGO BLUES SEE RED

The Chicago police force is using an artificial intelligence program to anticipate misconduct among its officers. Read the full article written by Edward Helmore

https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/neural-nets-make-chicago-blues-see-red-1327853.html

In this post the dialogue is realised by an interaction of virtual characters, for more information please check the page “Virtual characters

Sam

The approach to discover the rules of all thinking and putting them in a computer failed by and large, instead programmers started looking more in detail at how human brains worked

Today 11:34   

Manuel

Sure, that makes a lot of sense!

Today 11:34   

Sam

In the beginning they simply modeled neurons as input-output machines, firing and not firing as ones and zeroes

Today 11:35  

Manuel

That’s … simplistic? Right?

Today 11:36  

Sam

A bit, but again it did have serious early successes. A computational model of a single neuron was quite useful

Today 11:37

Sam

An artificial neuron simulated in a computer could actually already solve a lot of problems, even though quite simple ones

Today 11:37

Manuel

So how did that work?

Today 11:38   

Sam

Well it would have a series of inputs, filter them by recognizing a pattern, and then provide as output whether the input belonged to a certain category of not

Today 11:39  

Manuel

Not sure I get this … 😞😞

Today 11:39  

Sam

Sorry … Imagine you put a lot of points in a plane. Such a single neuron can classify them by drawing a single straight line among them

Today 11:40  

Manuel

Ah, ok. So it can tell whether they are above or below some threshold

Today 11:43   

Sam

Exactly! Now that is indeed still quite simple, but now imagine combining a lot of those together …. ☺️☺️

Today 11:45   

Manuel

Oh, wow, of course! So you can draw a lot of lines! Meaning finding a lot of patterns?

Today 11:45   

Sam

Yep, very complex pattern detection, but …                                          

Today 11:46

Manuel

… it sounded too good to be true, right? 😀

Today 11:46  

Sam

Oh, no! Not at all! It is just that if you string together artificial neurons in a network, it becomes pretty hard to tell how it works exactly

Today 11:46  

Manuel

Huh? You build a thing and don’t know how it works?

Today 11:46   

Sam

That was a big criticism. But if you think about it, it seems obvious: we don’t yet fully understand how brains work, so we build an artificial brain …

Today 11:47   

Manuel

… ok, but how can you build an artificial brain if you don’t know how it works?

Today 11:47   

Sam

Well, we use the very simple artificial neuron model, which we do understand, and string a lot of them together. But you can’t program that like an ordinary computer

Today 11:48   

Manuel

So how do you do that then?

Today 11:48

Sam

We make it learn. We don’t have a general rule for solving all problems, but we have a general rule for learning how to solve problems

Today 11:49   

Sam

The information, the knowledge how to solve a problem, is all distributed through the network.

Today 11:49   

Sam

There is no step-by-step algorithm   🙄                                                 

Today 11:50  

Manuel

OK, so it works in a very different way from the earlier approach where we tried to find a universal recipe

Today 11:50

Sam

Right. The problem now is that we can’t always explain what it is doing or how it works

Today 11:51   

Manuel

… so it is just like the brain …  🧠

Today 11:52

Sam

Ha! That’s right! The model is as mysterious as the thing itself           

Today 11:51   

Sam

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonini%27s_paradox                            

Today 11:51   

Manuel

So when we talk about AI nowadays, is it all neural networks?

Today 11:52

Sam

Mostly yes. Things like Machine Learning work with this approach. We train a neural network to recognize patterns in a large dataset. And then do something “intelligent” with it                   

Today 11:52  

Manuel

So is AGI more realistic with this newer approach?

Today 11:53

Sam

No, not really.                                                                                             

Today 11:53  

Manuel

… oh come on! … 😆

Today 11:53

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